Introduction To Brushless Motors

Title: Introduction to Brushless Motors

Brushless DC motors, such as those produced by LeanMotor, consist of an electric motor body and a driver, representing a typical example of mechatronics products. Unlike synchronous motors under heavy load start-ups in variable speed drives, brushless DC motors operate in a self-controlled manner. They do not require an additional starting winding on the rotor, nor do they experience oscillations and slip during sudden load changes. In smaller capacity brushless DC motors, the permanent magnets commonly use high-energy neodymium-iron-boron (Nd-Fe-B) materials, leading to a reduction in size compared to three-phase asynchronous motors of the same capacity.

The stator windings of the motor are often arranged in a three-phase symmetrical star connection, similar to three-phase asynchronous motors. The rotor of the motor is magnetized and equipped with position sensors to detect its polarity. The driver, composed of power electronic devices and integrated circuits, is responsible for receiving start, stop, and braking signals to control the motor's operations. It also processes position sensor signals, controls the on-off state of the inverter bridge power transistors to generate continuous torque, accepts speed commands and feedback signals to adjust the speed, and provides protection and display functions.

Brushless DC motors, also known as BLDC internationally, combine the characteristics of DC brushed motors and frequency-changing devices. Their operational efficiency, low-speed torque, and speed accuracy surpass those of any control technology's variable frequency drives, making them a subject of industry attention.

With advancing technology, brushless motors have experienced rapid development and have found wide applications in various fields such as model aircraft, medical devices, household appliances, and electric vehicles. Industrial chains related to brushless motors have begun to take shape in cities like Shenzhen, Changsha, and Shanghai, with companies like Shenzhen Weiyee Motor and Changsha Keda continuously promoting industry development through technological advancements. In recent years, brushless motors have become a rapidly growing power source in the model field. Initially used in high-end aviation models due to production volume and cost considerations, the rapid advancement of mechanical processing technology has significantly reduced the production costs of brushless motors. As a result, they are now penetrating various levels of the model field, from electric remote control cars to electric remote control boats and even electric model aircraft, becoming ubiquitous in the industry.